Temporal lobeW
Temporal lobe

The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The temporal lobe is located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain.

Brodmann area 20W
Brodmann area 20

Brodmann area 20, or BA20, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the ventral temporal cortex, a region believed to play a part in high-level visual processing and recognition memory.

Brodmann area 21W
Brodmann area 21

Brodmann area 21, or BA21, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the lateral temporal cortex, a region believed to play a part in auditory processing and language. Language function is left lateralized in most individuals. BA21 is superior to BA20 and inferior to BA40 and BA41.

Brodmann area 22W
Brodmann area 22

Brodmann area 22 is a Brodmann's area that is cytoarchitecturally located in the posterior superior temporal gyrus of the brain. In the left cerebral hemisphere, it is one portion of Wernicke's area. The left hemisphere helps with generation and understanding of individual words. On the right side of the brain, it helps to discriminate pitch and sound intensity, both of which are necessary to perceive melody and prosody. Wernicke's area is active in processing language and consists of the left Brodmann area 22 and Brodmann area 40, the supramarginal gyrus.

Brodmann area 28W
Brodmann area 28

Brodmann area 28 is a subdivision of the cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture. It is located on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and is part of the entorhinal cortex (Brodmann-1909).

Brodmann area 34W
Brodmann area 34

Brodmann area 34 is a part of the brain.

Brodmann areas 35 and 36W
Brodmann areas 35 and 36

Brodmann area 35, together with Brodmann area 36, comprise the perirhinal cortex. They are cytoarchitecturally defined temporal regions of the cerebral cortex.

Brodmann area 37W
Brodmann area 37

Brodmann area 37, or BA37, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. It contains the fusiform gyrus which in turn contains the fusiform face area, an area important for the recognition of faces.

Brodmann area 38W
Brodmann area 38

Brodmann area 38, also BA38 or temporopolar area 38 (H), is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. BA 38 is at the anterior end of the temporal lobe, known as the temporal pole.

Brodmann areas 41 and 42W
Brodmann areas 41 and 42

Brodmann areas 41 and 42 are parts of the primary auditory cortex.

Brodmann area 52W
Brodmann area 52

Brodmann area 52 (H) or parainsular area, is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of the cerebral cortex in the brain.

Frontotemporal dementiaW
Frontotemporal dementia

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder encompasses several types of dementia involving the frontal and temporal lobes. FTDs are broadly presented as behavioral or language disorders. The three main subtypes or variant syndromes are a behavioral variant (bvFTD) previously known as Pick's disease, and two variants of primary progressive aphasia – semantic variant (svPPA), and nonfluent variant (nfvPPA). Two rare distinct subtypes of FTD are neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID), and basophilic inclusion body disease. Other related disorders include corticobasal syndrome and FTD with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) FTD-ALS also called FTD-MND.

Frontotemporal lobar degenerationW
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a pathological process that occurs in frontotemporal dementia. It is characterized by atrophy in the frontal lobe and temporal lobe of the brain, with sparing of the parietal and occipital lobes.

Fusiform face areaW
Fusiform face area

The fusiform face area (FFA); is a part of the human visual system that is specialized for facial recognition. It is located in the inferior temporal cortex (IT), in the fusiform gyrus.

Fusiform gyrusW
Fusiform gyrus

The fusiform gyrus, also known as the lateral occipitotemporal gyrus, is part of the temporal lobe and occipital lobe in Brodmann area 37. The fusiform gyrus is located between the lingual gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus above, and the inferior temporal gyrus below. Though the functionality of the fusiform gyrus is not fully understood, it has been linked with various neural pathways related to recognition. Additionally, it has been linked to various neurological phenomena such as synesthesia, dyslexia, and prosopagnosia.

Inferior temporal gyrusW
Inferior temporal gyrus

The inferior temporal gyrus is one of three gyri of the temporal lobe and is located below the middle temporal gyrus, connected behind with the inferior occipital gyrus; it also extends around the infero-lateral border on to the inferior surface of the temporal lobe, where it is limited by the inferior sulcus. This region is one of the higher levels of the ventral stream of visual processing, associated with the representation of objects, places, faces, and colors. It may also be involved in face perception, and in the recognition of numbers.

Inferior temporal sulcusW
Inferior temporal sulcus

The inferior surface of the temporal lobe is concave, and is continuous posteriorly with the tentorial surface of the occipital lobe. It is traversed by the inferior temporal sulcus, which extends from near the occipital pole behind, to within a short distance of the temporal pole in front, but is frequently subdivided by bridging gyri.

Middle temporal gyrusW
Middle temporal gyrus

Middle temporal gyrus is a gyrus in the brain on the Temporal lobe. It is located between the superior temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus.

Superior temporal gyrusW
Superior temporal gyrus

The superior temporal gyrus (STG) is one of three gyri in the temporal lobe of the human brain, which is located laterally to the head, situated somewhat above the external ear.

Superior temporal sulcusW
Superior temporal sulcus

The superior temporal sulcus (STS) is the sulcus separating the superior temporal gyrus from the middle temporal gyrus in the temporal lobe of the brain. A sulcus is a deep groove that curves into the largest part of the brain, the cerebrum, and a gyrus is the a ridge that curves outward of the cerebrum.

Temporal lobe epilepsyW
Temporal lobe epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a chronic disorder of the nervous system characterized by recurrent, unprovoked focal seizures that originate in the temporal lobe of the brain and last about one or two minutes. TLE is the most common form of epilepsy with focal seizures. A focal seizure in the temporal lobe may spread to other areas in the brain when it may become a focal to bilateral seizure.

Temporopontine fibersW
Temporopontine fibers

In the human nervous system the temporopontine fibers, a component of the corticopontine tract are lateral to the cerebrospinal fibers; they originate in the temporal lobe and end in the nuclei pontis.

Transverse temporal gyrusW
Transverse temporal gyrus

The transverse temporal gyri, also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions, are gyri found in the area of primary auditory cortex buried within the lateral sulcus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 and 42. Transverse temporal gyri are superior to and separated from the planum temporale by Heschl’s sulcus. Transverse temporal gyri are found in varying numbers in both the right and left hemispheres of the brain and one study found that this number is not related to the hemisphere or dominance of hemisphere studied in subjects. Transverse temporal gyri can be viewed in the sagittal plane as either an omega shape or a heart shape.

Wernicke's areaW
Wernicke's area

Wernicke's area, also called Wernicke's speech area, is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex that are linked to speech, the other being Broca's area. It is involved in the comprehension of written and spoken language, in contrast to Broca's area, which is involved in the production of language. It is traditionally thought to reside in Brodmann area 22, which is located in the superior temporal gyrus in the dominant cerebral hemisphere, which is the left hemisphere in about 95% of right-handed individuals and 60% of left-handed individuals.