The Lepidoptera of Hispaniola consist of both the butterflies and moths recorded from the island of Hispaniola, comprising the two sovereign nations of Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
Blaberus discoidalis, commonly known as the discoid cockroach, tropical cockroach, West Indian leaf cockroach, false death's head cockroach, Haitian cockroach, and drummer, is a cockroach native to Central America of the “giant cockroach” family, Blaberidae.

Dismorphia spio, the Hispaniolan mimic-white or Haitian mimic, is a species of butterfly of the family Pieridae. It is found on Hispaniola and in Puerto Rico.

The Jamaican monarch is a species of milkweed butterfly in the nymphalid Danainae subfamily. It is found in the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Jamaica. The Danaus cleophile jamaicensis, or Jamaican butterfly, is generally a darker color and smaller compared to the other species of monarch butterflies.

Keiferia lycopersicella, the tomato pinworm, is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in warm areas in Mexico, California, Texas, Georgia, Florida, Hawaii, Cuba, Hispaniola and the Bahamas. It has also been reported from greenhouses in Delaware, Mississippi, Missouri, Pennsylvania and Virginia.

Manduca brontes is a species of moth in the family Sphingidae first described by Dru Drury in 1773. It is known from Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti, Puerto Rico, the Cayman Islands, the Dominican Republic and Suriname.

Papilio aristodemus, the Schaus' swallowtail or island swallowtail, is a species of American butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in southern Florida with subspecies in the Bahamas, Hispaniola, and Cuba. Historically it occurred in tropical hardwood hammock from South Miami to Lower Matecumbe Key, Florida. It is named in honor of William Schaus.

Papilio aristor, the scarce Haitian swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Hispaniola.

Papilio machaonides, the machaonides swallowtail, is a species of Neotropical swallowtail butterfly from the genus Papilio that is found in Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and the Cayman Islands.

Perigonia glaucescens is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from the Dominican Republic and Haiti.