
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) is charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government relating directly to national security and the Indian armed forces. The President of India is the ceremonial commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the country. The Ministry of Defence provides policy framework and resources to the armed forces to discharge their responsibility in the context of the defence of the country. The Indian Armed Forces and Indian Coast Guard under the Ministry of Defence are primarily responsible for ensuring the territorial integrity of India.

The Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) under Department of Defence Research and Development (DR&D) of India's Ministry of Defence was established at Bangalore, in 1984 to oversee the development of the nation's Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) programme. It has developed HAL Tejas and is developing HAL AMCA and DRDO Ghatak.

The Chief of Defence Staff of the Indian Armed Forces (CDS) is the head of the military staff of the Indian Armed Forces and the chief executive of the Department of Military Affairs. As the highest ranking officer of the Armed forces, the CDS is the commanding figure of the Joint Commanders and Staff Committee and here the CDS has an operational role where he is responsible as the chief military adviser to the government of India and the Ministry of Defence. As the head of the armed forces, the Chief of Defence Staff is also aided by the newly formed office of Vice Chief of Defence Staff, the nation's second highest ranking military officer, and the three chiefs of staff of the army, navy and air force, who are the leaders of each respective branch. The first and current CDS is General Bipin Rawat, who took office on 1 January 2020.

The College of Defence Management (CDM) is a premier tri-Service institution imparting management training to officers of the Defence Services. CDM is entrusted with the responsibility of instilling contemporary management thoughts, concepts and practices in the senior leadership of the three Services.

The Ministry of Defense Public Relations Unit (PRO) in Thiruvananthapuram is the official agency under the Ministry of Defense entrusted to communicate and disseminate information about various programs, policies and activities of the Armed Forces and other organisations of the Ministry of Defense. It has its headquarters at the Directorate Of Public Relations, Ministry of Defense, South Block, New Delhi.

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is an agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in Delhi, India. It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Indian Ordnance Factories with the Defence Science Organisation. On 21 Nov 2020, Heavy weight torpedo Varunastra being produced by BDL Vishakhapattanam which was designed by the naval science and technological laboratory, DRDO.

The Defence Secretary is the administrative head of the Ministry of Defence. This post is held by a senior Indian Administrative Service of the rank of secretary to the Government of India. The current Defence Secretary is Ajay Kumar.

The Canteen Stores Department, (CSD), is a solely owned Government of India Enterprise under Ministry of Defence and has its depot in all major military bases operated by the Indian Armed Forces.

The Indian Armed Forces are the military forces of the Republic of India. It consists of three professional uniformed services: the Indian Army, Indian Navy, and Indian Air Force. Additionally, the Indian Armed Forces are supported by the Indian Coast Guard and paramilitary organisations and various inter-service commands and institutions such as the Strategic Forces Command, the Andaman and Nicobar Command and the Integrated Defence Staff. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The Indian Armed Forces are under the management of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of the Government of India. With strength of over 1.4 million active personnel, it is the world's second-largest military force and has the world's largest volunteer army. It also has the third-largest defence budget in the world. As per 2015 Credit Suisse report, the Indian Armed Forces is the world's fifth-most powerful military, whereas the 2020 GlobalFirepower report lists it as the fourth most-powerful military.

Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir encompass the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force, tri-service units such as the Armed Forces Special Operations Division (AFSOD), and paramilitary organisations of the Central Armed Police Forces such as the Border Security Force, the Central Reserve Police Force, the Sashastra Seema Bal and the Indo-Tibetan Border Police. Each three wings of India's military have their special forces deployed in the region including Indian Army special forces and Rashtriya Rifles, the Indian Navy MARCOS and the Indian Air Force's Garud Commando Force. Apart from this, there is the elite police anti-insurgency force in the region, the Special Operations Group, of the Jammu and Kashmir Police.

The Indian Tolls Act, 1901 is a Law enacted by the Parliament of India and introduced by the Ministry of Defence to deal with exemption of toll charges where applicable for regular armed forces including all family members of Indian Armed Forces extending from Indian Army to Central Armed Police Forces. In tha wake of new legislation and policy formulation, the act was later revised by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways to disassociate the exemptions for family members from the provision of section 3 and 4 and those only "on duty" would be entitled for the exemption and does not pertain to the retired personnel.

Jabalpur Vehicle Factory, is a military motor vehicle manufacturing company located in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, functioning under the aegis of Ordnance Factories Board controlled by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India. The company is headed by an IOFS officer, Govind Mohan who is the Chief Executive Officer responsible for the overall management of the company and is the main judicial authority. JVF is the sole supplier of B vehicles to the Indian Army.

The military budget or defence budget of India is the portion of the overall budget of Union budget of India that is allocated for the funding of the Indian Armed Forces. The military budget finances employee salaries and training costs, maintenance of equipment and facilities, support of new or ongoing operations, and development and procurement of new weapons, equipment, and vehicles.

Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories is a Government agency under the control of department of defence production (DDP) Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India. It is engaged in research, development, production, testing, marketing and logistics of a product range in the areas of air, land and sea systems. OFB comprises forty-one ordnance factories, nine training institutes, three regional marketing centres and four regional controllerates of safety, which are spread all across the country. Every year, 18 March is celebrated as the Ordnance Factory Day in India.

Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli (OFT), also called Ordnance Factory Trichy, is a defence company based in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, functioning under the Ordnance Factory Board of the Ministry of Defence, Government of India. The company is headed only by an IOFS officer called General Manager who is the Chief Executive Officer, responsible for the overall management of the company. OFT is the largest small arms manufacturing company of India and has the most varied range.