
A constitutional referendum was held in Burundi on 28 February 2005. The new constitution was approved by 92% of voters.

Parliamentary elections were held in Burundi on 4 July 2005. The result was a victory for the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD–FDD), which won 64 of the 118 seats in the National Assembly

Indirect presidential elections were held in Burundi on 19 August 2005. Members of the National Assembly and Senate chose the new president of the republic for a five-year term. The sole candidate, Pierre Nkurunziza of the CNDD–FDD, was elected by a vote of 151–9. Nkurunziza was sworn in on 26 August 2005.

Communal elections were held in Burundi on 3 June and 7 June 2005. The elections were won by the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD-FDD), which won 1,781 of the 3,225 seats.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1602, adopted unanimously on 31 May 2005, after recalling resolutions 1545 (2004), 1565 (2004), 1577 (2004) and 1596 (2005) on the situation in Burundi, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) for a period of six months until 1 December 2005.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1606, adopted unanimously on 20 June 2005, after reaffirming its support for the Arusha Peace Agreement regarding the situation in Burundi, the Council requested the Secretary-General Kofi Annan to begin negotiations on a truth commission and special chamber within the country's court system.

United Nations Security Council resolution 1641, adopted unanimously on 30 November 2005, after recalling Resolution 1545 (2004) regarding the situation in Burundi, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Burundi until 15 January 2006.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1650, adopted unanimously on 21 December 2005, after recalling Resolution 1545 (2004) regarding the situation in Burundi, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB) until 1 July 2006.