WThe Carnation Revolution, also known as the 25 April, was initially a 25 April 1974 military coup in Lisbon which overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo regime. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement, composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated, popular civil resistance campaign. The revolution led to the fall of the Estado Novo, terminated the Portuguese Colonial War, and started a revolutionary process that would result in a democratic Portugal.
WCeleste Martins Caeiro, also known as Celeste dos cravos is a Portuguese pacifist and former restaurant worker. Her actions led to the naming of the 1974 coup as The Carnation Revolution.
WMarcello José das Neves Alves Caetano was a Portuguese politician and scholar, who was the last prime minister of the Estado Novo regime, from 1968 until his overthrow in the Carnation Revolution of 1974.
WOtelo Nuno Romão Saraiva de Carvalho, GCL, is a retired Portuguese military officer. He was the chief strategist of the 1974 Carnation Revolution in Lisbon. After the Revolution, Otelo assumed leadership roles in the first Portuguese Provisional Governments, alongside Vasco Gonçalves and Francisco da Costa Gomes, and as the head of military defense force COPCON. In 1976, Otelo ran in the first Portuguese presidential election, in which he placed second with the base of his support coming from the far-left. In the 1980s Otelo was accused of having involvement with the controversial Forças Populares 25 de Abril.
WCOPCON - Comando Operacional do Continente was a military command for Portugal created by the Armed Forces Movement in the period following the revolution of 25 April 1974 and was dissolved after the Coup of 25 November 1975.
WGeneral Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves OA was a Portuguese army officer in the Engineering Corps who took part in the Carnation Revolution and later served as the 104th Prime Minister from 18 July 1974 to 19 September 1975.
WFernando José Salgueiro Maia, GOTE, GCL, commonly known just by Salgueiro Maia, was a captain of the Portuguese army. He made a significant contribution to the Carnation Revolution, which resulted in the fall of the then-ruling dictatorship.
WThe Armed Forces Movement was an organization of lower-ranking, politically left-leaning officers in the Portuguese Armed Forces. It was responsible for instigating the Carnation Revolution of 1974, a military coup in Lisbon that ended Portugal's corporatist New State regime and the Portuguese Colonial War, which led to the independence of Portugal's overseas territories in Africa. The MFA instated the National Salvation Junta which governed the country from 1974 to 1976, following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974.
WThe National Salvation Junta (Junta de Salvação Nacional, [ˈʒũtɐ dɨ saɫvɐˈsɐ̃w̃ nɐsiuˈnaɫ]) was a group of military officers designated to maintain the government of Portugal in April 1974 after the Carnation Revolution had overthrown the Estado Novo dictatorial regime. This junta assumed power following a communiqué of its president, António de Spínola, at 1:30 a.m. on 26 April 1974. The National Salvation Junta was the de jure governing body of Portugal following the Carnation Revolution.
WThe Processo Revolucionário Em Curso (PREC) was the period during the Portuguese transition to democracy, which started after a failed right-wing coup d'état on 11 March 1975, and ended after a failed left-wing coup d'état on 25 November 1975. This period was marked by political turmoil, violence, and instability, and the nationalization of industries.
WAntónio Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola GCTE ComA was a Portuguese military officer, author and conservative politician who played an important role in Portugal's transition to democracy following the Carnation Revolution.
WAmérico de Deus Rodrigues Tomás, GCC, GOA, GOSE, was a Portuguese Navy officer and politician. He was the 13th President of Portugal, and the third and last president of the Estado Novo.