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Gideon Brecher, also known as Gedaliah ben Eliezer, was an Austrian physician and writer.

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Alois Isidor Jeitteles was an Austrian doctor, journalist and writer, best known for Ludwig van Beethoven's setting of his poem sequence, An die ferne Geliebte.

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Andreas Ludwig Joseph Heinrich Jeitteles or, in Czech, Ondřej Ludvík Jeitteles was a Czech physician, author of medical literature, journalist, politician, poet and writer; under the pseudonym, Justus Frey.

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Siegfried Kapper was the literary pseudonym of Isaac Salomon Kapper, a Bohemian-born Austrian writer of Jewish origin. Born in Smichow, Kapper studied medicine at Prague University, later completing a Ph.D. at the University of Vienna. Kapper wrote excellent fairy tales and poems, and was one of the leading figures of Czech-Jewish assimilation. Kapper wrote in both German and Czech. He translated Mácha's Máj into German for the first time (1844).

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František Langer was a Czech-Jewish playwright, screenwriter, essayist, literary critic, publicist and military physician.

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Hugo Salus was a doctor, writer and poet.

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Vladislav Vančura was an important Bohemian (Czech) writer active in the 20th century, who was killed by the Nazis. He was also active as a film director, playwright and screenwriter.

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Johann Emanuel Veith was a Bohemian Roman Catholic preacher. He was heavily influenced by the liberal theology of Anton Günther.