WGiuseppe Acerbi was an Italian naturalist, explorer and composer.
WUlisse Aldrovandi was an Italian naturalist, the moving force behind Bologna's botanical garden, one of the first in Europe. Carl Linnaeus and the comte de Buffon reckoned him the father of natural history studies. He is usually referred to, especially in older scientific literature in Latin, as Aldrovandus; his name in Italian is equally given as Aldroandi. The standard author abbreviation Aldrovandi is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
WCount Ettore Arrigoni degli Oddi MBOU, was an Italian ornithologist.
WFranco Andrea Bonelli was an Italian ornithologist, entomologist and collector.
WMatteo Botteri was an ornithologist and collector.
WGaetano Cara was an Italian archaeologist and naturalist primarily interested in ornithology. He practiced forgery and selling forged idols to many European museums.
WFrancesco Cetti was an Italian Jesuit priest, zoologist and mathematician.
WRoberto Raul Dabbene was an Italian-Argentine ornithologist.
WLeonardo Fea was an Italian explorer, zoologist, painter, and naturalist.
WEnrico Hillyer Giglioli was an Italian zoologist and anthropologist.
WGiovanni Pietro Olina was an Italian naturalist, lawyer, and theologian who is best known for his writings on the capture and maintenance of songbirds in the rare work Uccelliera, overo, Discorso della natura, e proprieta di diversi uccelli (1622) which was written at the behest of and with the support of Cassiano dal Pozzo who worked under Pope Urbano VIII.
WCount Hercules Turati or Ercole Turati was a wealthy Milanese banker and naturalist. He purchased natural history specimens and built up a very large private collection of more than 20,000 bird specimens, mostly mounted, which include the now extinct Great Auk. The Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano was constructed to house the specimens that his heirs donated to the city after his death. A large number of specimens were however destroyed during an air raid in 1943.
WFrancesco Saverio Manetti also spelt Xaviero or Xaverio Manetti was an Italian physician, botanist and ornithologist. Among his works is the treatise on birds, Ornithologia methodice digesta or Storia naturale degli uccelli (1776). The plant genus Manettia was named in his honour by Carl Linnaeus.
WCount Adelardo Tommaso Salvadori Paleotti was an Italian zoologist and ornithologist.
WPaolo Savi, was an Italian geologist and ornithologist.
WGiovanni Antonio Scopoli was an Austrian physician and naturalist. His biographer Otto Guglia named him the "first anational European" and the "Linnaeus of the Austrian Empire".
WPellegrino Strobel was an Italian ornithologist, zoologist, naturalist and Italian politician. He is considered among the leaders of Italian malacology and, with Gaetano Chierici and Luigi Pigorini, is an important figure in Italian prehistoric archaeology.
WJoseph Isaac Spadafora Whitaker was a Sicilian-English ornithologist, archaeologist and sportsman. He is a member of the Whitaker family. He is mainly known for his work on the birds of Tunisia, and for being involved in the foundation of the Sicilian football club US Città di Palermo.
WCount Giuseppe Ginanni or Zinanni was an Italian naturalist.