
This is a list of streams and rivers in Burkina Faso. Burkina Faso has three main rivers — the Black Volta, the Red Volta and the White Volta. Areas near rivers are affected by tsetse flies and simulium flies. This list is arranged by drainage basin, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name.

The Banifing River is a river in western Africa. It flows through Mali and a small part of Burkina Faso, forming part of the international boundary between the two countries. It is a tributary of the Bani River.

The Béli River is a seasonal river of northern Burkina Faso, just south of the Malian border. It is a western tributary of the Niger River, the confluence is near Ayourou.

The Black Volta or Mouhoun is a river that flows through Burkina Faso flowing about 1,352 km (840 mi) to the White Volta in Dagbon, Ghana. The source of the Black Volta is in the Cascades Region of Burkina Faso, close to Mount Tenakourou, the highest point of the country. Further downstream it forms part of the border between Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso. Within Ghana, it forms the border between the Savannah Region and the Bono Region. The Bui Dam is built on the river in Ghana. The river bisects Bui National Park in Ghana.

The Komoé River, or Comoé River. is a river in West Africa. The river originates on the Sikasso Plateau of Burkina Faso, flow through the Cascades de Karfiguéla, forms a short section of the border between Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast until it enters Ivory Coast, where it is the major drainage for northeastern portion of that country before emptying into the Atlantic. The banks of the Komoé are shaded by riparian forests along most of it length providing an important habitat for wildlife and a source of agricultural water. Where reliable floodplains form in Ivory Coast, rice may be grown. A portion of the river in northern Ivory Coast is the source of the vegetative richness that earned that area a UNESCO World Heritage Site designation, Comoé National Park.

The Mékrou River is a river of Benin, Burkina Faso, and Niger. It flows through the W National Park.
The Oti River or Pendjari River is an international river in West-Central Africa. It rises in Benin, forms the border between Benin and Burkino Faso, flows through Togo, and joins the Volta River in Ghana.
The Red Volta is a waterway flowing located in West Africa. It emerges near Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso and has a length of about 320 km which it joins the White Volta in Ghana.

The Sirba River is a tributary of the Niger River in western Africa. The Sirba arises in Burkina Faso and flows east, crosses into Niger and then forms a short part of the international border between the two countries. It meets the Niger River at the midway point between the settlements of Gothèye and Karma in Niger, about 50 kilometres upstream from Niamey.

The Tapoa River is a tributary of the Niger River. It flows through the Tapoa Province in Burkina Faso and forms a small part of the international border between Burkina Faso and Niger, after which it flows into the Niger River in southwestern Niger.

The Volta River is the main river system in the West African country of Ghana. It flows south into Ghana from Bobo-Dioulasso highlands of Burkina Faso. The main part of the river are the Black Volta, the White Volta, and the Red Volta. In the northwest, the Black Volta forms the international borders between the Ivory Coast, Ghana, and Burkina Faso. The Volta flows southward along Akwapim-Togoland highlands, and it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at the Gulf of Guinea at Ada Foah. It has a smaller tributary river, the Oti, which enters Ghana from Togo in the east. The Volta River has been dammed at Akosombo for the purpose of generating hydroelectricity. The reservoir named Lake Volta stretches from Akosombo Dam in the south to the northern part of the country, and is the largest man-made reservoir by area in the world.

The White Volta or Nakanbé is the headstream of the Volta River, Ghana's main waterway. The White Volta emerges in northern Burkina Faso, flows through North Ghana and empties into Lake Volta in Ghana. The White Volta's main tributaries are the Black Volta and the Red Volta.